Library iris.algebra.dfrac

Camera of discardable fractions.
This is a generalisation of the fractional camera where elements can represent both ownership of a fraction (as in the fractional camera) and the knowledge that a fraction has been discarded.
Ownership of a fraction is denoted DfracOwn q and behaves identically to q of the fractional camera.
Knowledge that a fraction has been discarded is denoted DfracDiscarded. This elements is its own core, making ownership persistent.
One can make a frame preserving update from owning a fraction to knowing that the fraction has been discarded.
Crucially, ownership over 1 is an exclusive element just as it is in the fractional camera. Hence owning 1 implies that no fraction has been discarded. Conversely, knowing that a fraction has been discarded implies that no one can own 1. And, since discarding is an irreversible operation, it also implies that no one can own 1 in the future
From stdpp Require Import countable.
From iris.algebra Require Export cmra.
From iris.algebra Require Import proofmode_classes updates frac.
From iris.prelude Require Import options.

An element of dfrac denotes ownership of a fraction, knowledge that a fraction has been discarded, or both. Note that DfracBoth can be written as DfracOwn q DfracDiscarded. This should be used instead of DfracBoth which is for internal use only.
Inductive dfrac :=
  | DfracOwn : Qp dfrac
  | DfracDiscarded : dfrac
  | DfracBoth : Qp dfrac.

Declare Custom Entry dfrac.
Notation "{ dq }" := (dq) (in custom dfrac at level 1, dq constr).
Notation "□" := DfracDiscarded (in custom dfrac).
Notation "{# q }" := (DfracOwn q) (in custom dfrac at level 1, q constr).
Notation "" := (DfracOwn 1) (in custom dfrac).

Section dfrac.
  Canonical Structure dfracO := leibnizO dfrac.

  Implicit Types p q : Qp.
  Implicit Types dp dq : dfrac.

  Global Instance dfrac_inhabited : Inhabited dfrac := populate DfracDiscarded.
  Global Instance dfrac_eq_dec : EqDecision dfrac.
  Proof. solve_decision. Defined.
  Global Instance dfrac_countable : Countable dfrac.
  Proof.
    set (enc dq := match dq with
      | DfracOwn qinl q
      | DfracDiscardedinr (inl ())
      | DfracBoth qinr (inr q)
      end).
    set (dec y := Some match y with
      | inl qDfracOwn q
      | inr (inl ()) ⇒ DfracDiscarded
      | inr (inr q) ⇒ DfracBoth q
      end).
    refine (inj_countable enc dec _). by intros [].
  Qed.

  Global Instance DfracOwn_inj : Inj (=) (=) DfracOwn.
  Proof. by injection 1. Qed.
  Global Instance DfracBoth_inj : Inj (=) (=) DfracBoth.
  Proof. by injection 1. Qed.

An element is valid as long as the sum of its content is less than one.
  Local Instance dfrac_valid_instance : Valid dfrac := λ dq,
    match dq with
    | DfracOwn qq 1
    | DfracDiscardedTrue
    | DfracBoth qq < 1
    end%Qp.

As in the fractional camera the core is undefined for elements denoting ownership of a fraction. For elements denoting the knowledge that a fraction has been discarded the core is the identity function.
  Local Instance dfrac_pcore_instance : PCore dfrac := λ dq,
    match dq with
    | DfracOwn qNone
    | DfracDiscardedSome DfracDiscarded
    | DfracBoth qSome DfracDiscarded
    end.

When elements are combined, ownership is added together and knowledge of discarded fractions is preserved.
  Local Instance dfrac_op_instance : Op dfrac := λ dq dp,
    match dq, dp with
    | DfracOwn q, DfracOwn q'DfracOwn (q + q')
    | DfracOwn q, DfracDiscardedDfracBoth q
    | DfracOwn q, DfracBoth q'DfracBoth (q + q')
    | DfracDiscarded, DfracOwn q'DfracBoth q'
    | DfracDiscarded, DfracDiscardedDfracDiscarded
    | DfracDiscarded, DfracBoth q'DfracBoth q'
    | DfracBoth q, DfracOwn q'DfracBoth (q + q')
    | DfracBoth q, DfracDiscardedDfracBoth q
    | DfracBoth q, DfracBoth q'DfracBoth (q + q')
    end.

  Lemma dfrac_valid dq :
     dq match dq with
           | DfracOwn qq 1
           | DfracDiscardedTrue
           | DfracBoth qq < 1
           end%Qp.
  Proof. done. Qed.

  Lemma dfrac_op_own q p : DfracOwn p DfracOwn q = DfracOwn (p + q).
  Proof. done. Qed.

  Lemma dfrac_op_discarded :
    DfracDiscarded DfracDiscarded = DfracDiscarded.
  Proof. done. Qed.

  Lemma dfrac_own_included q p : DfracOwn q DfracOwn p (q < p)%Qp.
  Proof.
    rewrite Qp.lt_sum. split.
    - rewrite /included /op /dfrac_op_instance. intros [[o| |?] [= ->]]. by o.
    - intros [o ->]. (DfracOwn o). by rewrite dfrac_op_own.
  Qed.

  Lemma dfrac_discarded_included :
    DfracDiscarded DfracDiscarded.
  Proof. DfracDiscarded. done. Qed.

  Definition dfrac_ra_mixin : RAMixin dfrac.
  Proof.
    split; try apply _.
    - intros [?| |?] ? dq <-; intros [= <-]; eexists _; done.
    - intros [?| |?] [?| |?] [?| |?];
        rewrite /op /dfrac_op_instance 1?assoc_L 1?assoc_L; done.
    - intros [?| |?] [?| |?];
        rewrite /op /dfrac_op_instance 1?(comm_L Qp.add); done.
    - intros [?| |?] dq; rewrite /pcore /dfrac_pcore_instance; intros [= <-];
        rewrite /op /dfrac_op_instance; done.
    - intros [?| |?] ? [= <-]; done.
    - intros [?| |?] [?| |?] ? [[?| |?] [=]] [= <-]; eexists _; split; try done;
        apply dfrac_discarded_included.
    - intros [q| |q] [q'| |q']; rewrite /op /dfrac_op_instance /valid /dfrac_valid_instance //.
      + intros. trans (q + q')%Qp; [|done]. apply Qp.le_add_l.
      + apply Qp.lt_le_incl.
      + intros. trans (q + q')%Qp; [|by apply Qp.lt_le_incl]. apply Qp.le_add_l.
      + intros. trans (q + q')%Qp; [|done]. apply Qp.lt_add_l.
      + intros. trans (q + q')%Qp; [|done]. apply Qp.lt_add_l.
  Qed.
  Canonical Structure dfracR := discreteR dfrac dfrac_ra_mixin.

  Global Instance dfrac_cmra_discrete : CmraDiscrete dfracR.
  Proof. apply discrete_cmra_discrete. Qed.

  Global Instance dfrac_full_exclusive : Exclusive (DfracOwn 1).
  Proof.
    intros [q| |q];
      rewrite /op /cmra_op -cmra_discrete_valid_iff /valid /cmra_valid //=.
    - apply Qp.not_add_le_l.
    - move⇒ /Qp.lt_le_incl. apply Qp.not_add_le_l.
  Qed.

  Global Instance dfrac_cancelable q : Cancelable (DfracOwn q).
  Proof.
    apply: discrete_cancelable.
    intros [q1| |q1][q2| |q2] _ [=]; simplify_eq/=; try done.
    - by destruct (Qp.add_id_free q q2).
    - by destruct (Qp.add_id_free q q1).
  Qed.
  Global Instance dfrac_own_id_free q : IdFree (DfracOwn q).
  Proof. intros [q'| |q'] _ [=]. by apply (Qp.add_id_free q q'). Qed.
  Global Instance dfrac_discarded_core_id : CoreId DfracDiscarded.
  Proof. by constructor. Qed.

  Lemma dfrac_valid_own p : DfracOwn p (p 1)%Qp.
  Proof. done. Qed.
  Lemma dfrac_valid_own_1 : DfracOwn 1.
  Proof. done. Qed.

  Lemma dfrac_valid_own_r dq q : (dq DfracOwn q) (q < 1)%Qp.
  Proof.
    destruct dq as [q'| |q']; [|done|].
    - apply Qp.lt_le_trans, Qp.lt_add_r.
    - intro Hlt. etrans; last apply Hlt. apply Qp.lt_add_r.
  Qed.

  Lemma dfrac_valid_own_l dq q : (DfracOwn q dq) (q < 1)%Qp.
  Proof. rewrite comm. apply dfrac_valid_own_r. Qed.

  Lemma dfrac_valid_discarded : DfracDiscarded.
  Proof. done. Qed.

  Lemma dfrac_valid_own_discarded q :
     (DfracOwn q DfracDiscarded) (q < 1)%Qp.
  Proof. done. Qed.

  Global Instance dfrac_is_op q q1 q2 :
    IsOp q q1 q2
    IsOp' (DfracOwn q) (DfracOwn q1) (DfracOwn q2).
  Proof. rewrite /IsOp' /IsOp dfrac_op_own=>-> //. Qed.

Discarding a fraction is a frame preserving update.
  Lemma dfrac_discard_update dq : dq ~~> DfracDiscarded.
  Proof.
    intros n [[q'| |q']|]; rewrite -!cmra_discrete_valid_iff //=.
    - apply dfrac_valid_own_r.
    - apply cmra_valid_op_r.
  Qed.

  Lemma dfrac_undiscard_update : DfracDiscarded ~~>: λ k, q, k = DfracOwn q.
  Proof.
    apply cmra_discrete_updateP. intros [[q'| |q']|].
    - intros [qd Hqd]%Qp.lt_sum. (DfracOwn (qd/2)%Qp).
      split; first by eexists. apply dfrac_valid_own.
      rewrite Hqd Qp.add_comm -Qp.add_le_mono_l.
      by apply Qp.div_le.
    - intros _. (DfracOwn (1/2)); split; first by eexists.
      by apply dfrac_valid_own_discarded.
    - intros [qd Hqd]%Qp.lt_sum. (DfracOwn (qd/2)%Qp).
      split; first by eexists. rewrite /= /op /valid /cmra_op /cmra_valid /=.
      rewrite Hqd Qp.add_comm -Qp.add_lt_mono_l.
      by apply Qp.div_lt.
    - intros _. (DfracOwn 1); split; first by eexists.
      by apply dfrac_valid_own.
  Qed.

End dfrac.